Contains more than 1,200 full-color drawings and diagrams - all carefully crafted to make physiology easier to understand. metabolites, acetylcholine, histamine and bradykinine. Chemoreceptor reflexes: ABP (as in haemorrhage) blood flow to the peripheral chemoreceptors hypoxia of these receptors ( PO2) reflex of heart rate + reflex vasoconstriction of the arterioles ABP. Low-resistance shock 3. 11 Th Edition By www.slideserve.com guyton textbook 12th cell PPT - Molecular Basis Of Skeletal Muscle Contraction PowerPoint www.slideserve.com skeletal action contraction basis resultant PPT - Physiology Of Skeletal Muscle Contraction PowerPoint Presentation www.slideserve.com student lecture. Part II CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY. Long-term regulation of the ABP. CORONARY CIRCULATION BLOOD SUPPLY OF THE HEART: a) Arterial supply: - The cardiac muscle is supplied by the first two branches of the aorta i.e. tubes. - Cardiovascular physiology. Vasoconstrictor substance: e.g. Its regulation is mainly by metabolites and not neural The capillary permeability is high (the cardiac lymph is rich in protein). APIdays Paris 2019 - Innovation @ scale, APIs as Digital Factories' New Machi Mammalian Brain Chemistry Explains Everything. identityiq cancel. Chapter 9: Cardiac Muscle; The Heart As A Pump and Function of the Heart Valves Guyton and Hall, Textbook of Medical Physiology, 12 th edition Slide 2 Physiology of Cardiac Muscle Physiologic Anatomy a.Muscle fibers arranged in a latticework b.Striated and Involuntary c.Actin and myosin, typical myofibrils d.Sliding filament mechanism Slide 3 This paper reviews his seminal experiments in detail and clarifies the often confusing concepts underpinning his model. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. The CBF varies inversely with the intracranial pressure. The high intracranial pressure compression of the intracranial arteries blood flow to the brain ischaemia of the medullary centers generalized vasoconstriction of ABP to maintain the blood flow to the brain (despite the increased intracranial pressure). Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. 277 (ADV. Venoconstriction VR Mobilization of labile Contraction of spleen. Blood volume: Normal blood volume (5-6 liters with normal vascular capacity) is important for normal ABP (systolic and diastolic) Slight or moderate change in the blood volume almost no effect on ABP due to some compensatory reaction in the CVS that restore normal BP e.g. : Textbook Of Medical Physiology . This is a common complication of the atherosclerosis and hypertension. Cardiovascular physiology. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. is normally low (25/10 mm Hg). 2. These reactions restore blood pressure and blood volume in mild or moderate haemorrhage. (3) Body Built: - The ABP of obese persons is usually higher than that of persons with normal body weight. Cushings reflex (reaction): This is a special type of the CNS Ischaemic response where the CNS ischaemia is due to increase of the intracranial pressure above 33 mm Hg. Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 11th Ed. It produces coronary vasodilatation through: Direct action on coronary blood vessels and Release of chemical substances such as adenosine (from ATP) which is a potent coronary vasodilator. CORONARY BLOOD FLOW Under resting conditions coronary blood flow (CBF) in the human heart is about 250 ml/ minute (=5% of the cardiac output). Marked or excessive decrease of blood volume e.g. Heart's Role in Maintaining Homeostatis. Hypoxia, hypercapnia and rise of H produce V.C. Cardiovascular Physiology-B Lecturer: Dr. R. Ahangari University of Central Florida, Orlando Human It may be one of the following types: 1- Primary (essential) hypertension: This occurs as a result of arteriolar vasoconstriction. ABP is directly proportional to COP (provided that all other factors affecting ABP remain constant). Abstract and Figures Hemodynamics ultimately begins with the heart which supplies the driving force for all blood flow in the body. dr. abdulhalim serafi, mb chb,msc,phd,fesc assistant professor & consultant, Cardiovascular Physiology - . View 11 B-Cardiovascular Physiology.ppt from PHYSIOLOGY 2010 at University of Central Florida. Outline: Cardiovascular Physiology Dr. Abdulhalim Serafi, MB ChB,MSc,PhD,FESC Assistant Professor & Consultant Cardiologist Faculty of Medicine Umm Al-Qura University Makkah Al-Mukarramah Saudi Arabia, Part II CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY LECTURE VIII:CORONARY CIRCULATION Outline: - Blood supply of the heart (arterial supply & venous drainage) - Characteristics of the coronary circulation - Coronary blood flow (CBF) - Factors affecting CBF (coronary circulation) - Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) - Angina pectoris and coronary thrombosis Further Reading: Guyton: Textbook of Medical Physiology Ganong: Review of Medical Physiology. Cardiovascular Physiology - . REFLEXES THAT CONTROL CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTION Cheryl M. Heesch Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences and Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211 AM. cardiac metabolites active hyperemia during cardiac activity = auto regulation of CEF O2 lack (hypoxia) is the most effective coronary vasodilator. Thus, occlusion of a large branch of the coronary artery e.g. The coronary vessels are susceptible to degeneration and atherosclerosis. Show: Recommended. The SlideShare family just got bigger. During each cardiac cycle, certain events occur in the heart and these include pressure changes, volume changes, production of heart sounds, closure and opening of heart valves and electrical changes in the heart. PULMONARY CIRCULATION Pulmonary Circulation is the circulation between right ventricle and left atrium. Physiology of the Cardiovascular System. Arthur C. Guyton, John E. Hall. In this way, these reflexes maintain the normal level of ABP. Hypertension is a chronic state of elevated arterial blood pressure: The upper limits of normal ABP in different age groups Any levels higher than these limits are considered as hypertension. | PowerPoint PPT presentation | free to download (5) Emotions: - ABP (mainly systolic) increases during emotions due to sympathetic over activity. Mm Hg. section 1 basic cardiac anatomy and physiology. after severe haemorrhage decrease of ABP (hypotension as hemorrhagic shock). Sequence of events from the beginning of one systole to the beginning of next consecutive systole. Circulation (pumping action) varies based on needs of the body Hemodynamics - Describes a collection of mechanisms that influence the active and changing circulation of blood throughout the body - PowerPoint PPT Presentation TRANSCRIPT b) Short pulmonary capillaries and veins which are easily distensible. PPT - Ref. HAEMORRHAGE Haemorrage means loss of blood (bleeding) from the cardiovascular system. systemic diseases, Cardiovascular Physiology - . Activate your 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading. Looks like youve clipped this slide to already. Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. CONTROL OF ABP The normal mean ABP ensures a steady blood flow or perfusion to the tissues, particularly the vital organs e.g. Includes: Includes: a) Nervous mechanisms e.g. 4. 1 anatomy and-physiology-of-the-cardiovascular-system (2), Anatomy, physiology & patophysiology of the cardiovascular, cardiovascular physiology based on Ganong's, Physiology of cardiovascular system dr toufiqur rahman, Cardiovascularsystem 110221045748-phpapp02, Anatomy and-physiology-of-the-cardiovascular-system-medical-surgical-nursing-ppt, Ppt cvs phsiology a small review for anaesthetist, James Malce Alo, PhD, MAN, MAPsych, RN, OSHA, The assessment of confusion in the older adult, Respiratory anatomy and physiology faculty version, Clinical examination of the gi tract and abdomen [recovered] [recovered], Structured examination of the Respiratory System. a. b. m. c. l. d. e. k. f. j. i. h. Cardiovascular Physiology - . Vagal stimulation dilatation of pulmonary vessels P.B.P. These reflexes correct a rise in pressure by decreasing the cardiac pumping (decrease in heart rate) and the peripheral resistance (vasodilatation). review integrated cardiac, Cardiovascular Physiology - Cardiovascular physiology. shock: definition inadequate perfusion to tissues large enough to compromise the supply of nutrients and removal of metabolic waste resulting in compromised organ functions usually recognised by clinical features suggestive of reduced blood flow reduced capillary fill cold clammy hands or feet widening core-toe temperature gradient - Pulmonary edema. Atrial reflexes: blood volume venous return (VR) stretch of the right atrium stimulation of stretch (volume) receptors reflex venodilation venous capacity venous return. Factors that determine the peripheral resistance The peripheral resistance (PR) is essential for maintenance of the arterial B.P. A.B.P. The elastic recoil of the arterial wall is also useful in pushing the blood towards the tissues during diastole. RMP of -55 to -60 mV. APIdays Paris 2019 - Innovation @ scale, APIs as Digital Factories' New Machi Mammalian Brain Chemistry Explains Everything. properties of the cardiac muscle:. Cardiovascular Physiology - . It ranges between 95 and 145 mm Hg with an average of about 120 mm Hg in adults i.e. : - Epinephrine nor Excretion of water & epinephrine secretion electrolytes in urine - ADH (vasopressin) Hormones which affect secretion urine formation (volume) - Renin-angiostensin - ADH (vasopressin). The anginal pain may radiate to left shoulder, left arm or forearm, or abdomen. SHOCK - Shock is a clinical syndrome characterized by inadequate tissue perfusion due to decreased cardiac output and decreased ABP (hypotension). LOW-RESISTANCE SHOCKOBSTRUCTIVE SHOCK It occurs as a result of - This occurs as a result massive vasodilatation of obstruction of blood circulatory capacity flow in the lungs or and venous return Heart e.g. N.B. Pulmonary peripheral vascular resistance = (PVR): Any increase in pulmonary peripheral resistance much in P.B.P. Cardiogenic shock 4. PR I/r4). Cardiovascular Physiology Concepts Second Edition,Lippincott . noradrenalin, vasopressin (ADH) & angiotensin II. ISBN-13: 9780323597128. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CORONARY CIRCULATION It is very short and very rapid (so it is essential to the heart). Cardiovascular Physiology. in skeletal muscles and skin. qiang xia ( ), phd department of physiology room c518, block c, research, Cardiovascular Physiology - . Features expanded clinical coverage including obesity, metabolic and cardiovascular disorders, Alzheimer's disease, and other degenerative diseases. - Physiological variations of ABP. dr james ker. solution of nutrients/wastes. & vasoconstriction. Reactions that correct the hypovolaemia: (a) Capillary fluid shift from the tissue spaces to the bloodstream (b) Mobilization of the labile tissue protein into the bloodstream (c) Splenic contraction (which adds the stored blood in the spleen to the circulating blood). View Cardiovascular Physiology.ppt from PHYSIOLOGY 001 at Los Angeles Southwest College. This site is a web-based resource of cardiovascular physiology concepts that has been written for students, teachers, and health professionals. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION Myocardial Infarction means necrosis of a part of the myocardium due to a) Severe & prolonged ischemia due to narrowing of the coronary arteries. heart, Cardiovascular Physiology - . - Factors that maintain normal ABP: : Cardiac output (co) : Peripheral resistance (PR) : Arterial elasticity : Blood volume Further Reading: Guyton: Textbook of Medical Physiology Ganong: Review of Medical Physiology, ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE (ABP) Arterial Blood Pressure (ABP) is the lateral pressure exerted by the blood on the arterial walls. The SlideShare family just got bigger. Maryam Fida (o-1827) Each cardiac cycle is initiated by the cardiac impulse which originates from the SA node. - Auto regulation and control of the cerebral blood flow (CBF). Systolic BP shows little or no change. cardiac work CBF and cardiac work CBF. Welcome to Cardiovascular Physiology Concepts. The pulmonary circulation is shorter than systemic circulation, as the pulmonary circulation time is about 5 sec. During an epileptic attack, the blood flow increases in the epileptic focus but in other parts of the brain. 1. enter the sympathetic chain via the white ramus and terminate there or ascend or descend a few segments before terminating 2. enter via the white ramus and exit via a splanchnic nerve and terminate in a prevertebral (collateral) ganglion 3. close to its normal level 1. metabolites, acetylcholine, histamine and bradykinine. Get powerful tools for managing your contents. the primary, Cardiovascular Physiology - . heart, Cardiovascular Physiology - . Capillary fluid shift urine formation. Sort by: Andrew Guyton - A . HYPERTENSION - Hypertension is diagnosed when the arterial BP exceeds 150/95 (in adults 20-50 years) on repeated estimation. (6) Meals: - ABP rises slightly after meals. Long-term regulation. qiang xia ( ), md & phd department of physiology room c518, block c. Cardiovascular Physiology - . N.B: Unilateral constriction of renal artery temporary and not permanent hypertension because the healthy kidney (not ischemic) produces an enzyme called angiotensinase which inactivates angiotensin II. nervous supply. Cardiovascular Physiology. This response is important in cases of severe hypotension ( ABP) at arterial pressure below 40 mm Hg. Normal diastolic BPis produced and maintained by: Elastic recoil of aorta and large arteries. Chemical Factors: a) Metabolic factors: cardiac metabolism O2 tension (local hypoxia), CO2, K+, lactic acid & adenosine in the cardiac muscle coronary vasodilatation CBF. So, loss of small amounts of blood every day over many months, does not disturb the circulation though it may produce anaemia. Unlike many major medical textbooks, which often have 20 or more authors, the first eight editions of the Textbook of Medical Physiology were written entirely by Dr. Guyton with each new edition arriving on schedule for nearly 40 years. a. b. m. c. l. d. e. k. f. j. i. h. Cardiovascular Physiology - . Other Factors: a) Heart Rate: Excessive in the heart rate e.g. The CBF varies directly with this pressure. Free access to premium services like Tuneln, Mubi and more. EDUC. Normal diastolic BPis important for: Filling of the coronary arteries which occurs mainly during ventricular diastole. 5. Chemical or metabolic control: Blood flow to the brain is regulated mainly by its own metabolism. review integrated cardiac, Cardiovascular Physiology - Cardiovascular physiology. solution of nutrients/wastes. CORONARY HEART DISEASE (CHD) ANGINA PECTORIS Angina Pectoris means severe chest pain (usually retrosternal i.e. should increase 4 times normal before P.B.P. The following factors modify the CBF: Nervous Factors: The effect of the autonomic nerves to the heart on the coronary arteries is indirect through their effect on cardiac metabolism I.e a) Stimulation of sympathetic cardiac metabolism coronary vasodilatation CBF. The inferior vena cava is the largest vein of the body. - Coronary Inflow (arterial) occurs mainly during diastole, because during systole the coronary arteries are mechanically compressed by the contracting myocardium, i.e. after, Regulation (control) of the blood volume includes the, ABP reflex of heart rate + reflex, The arterial baroreflexes are very rapid. Physiology. - Coronary Inflow (arterial) occurs mainly during diastole, Vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone) coronary vasoconst, b) Cardiac Output: CBF is directly proportional to COP, The blood flow in the pulmonary capillaries is rapid 0.75, The in C.O.P. the functional anatomy of the heart cardiovascular cardiovascular system block cardiac arrhythmias (physiology cardiovascular system block cardiac arrhythmias (physiology) anatomy and physiology of cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary anatomy and physiology of the cardiovascular system. Cardiovascular physiology. cardiovascular system function functional anatomy of the heart myocardial. is useful because it pulmonary gas exchange without over working the heart. dried sweat on back can cause cough; slippery rock university football schedule 2022; figure 14-7g. Part II CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY. part 4. lecture outline. blood heart peripheral circulation. Cardiovascular Physiology Physiology 1 Robert L Stewart Jr. LASC The Cardiovascular System: Introduction A . b) Short pulmonary capillaries and veins which are easily distensible, CHARACTERISTICS of the PULMONARY CIRCULATION 1. Increased pulmonary capillary permeability by toxins and bacterial infection etc. 10th Ed, pp 718-770, pp . 3) Capillary fluid shift mechanism for rapid control of ABP: - The interstitial fluid acts as a reservoir for the plasma i.e for regulation of blood volume, and in turn, regulation of ABP. Cardiovascular Anatomy Weighs between 200-400 grams By the end of a normal life it may have beat more than 3.5 billion times Each day the heart beats 100,000 times Pumping about 7,751 litres of blood. Uveitis (Classification, Panuveitis, Endophthalmitis, Panophthalmitis, Synech Management of trauma Ropper Hall classification system (Preventive ophthalmol Sclera (scleritis and episcleritis, staphyloma). It decreases during deep quiet sleep. it becomes about 150/90 at the age of 60 years. The elevated ABP stimulates the arterial baroreceptors of the aortic arch and carotid sinus reflex slowing of the heart. 14. structure of the heart. Its function is to deliver the total amount of blood and its components needed to the tissues, distribute it to each specific tissue area based on need (nutrient need and waste removal) and then to return what remains back to the heart. LECTURE VIII: CORONARY CIRCULATION. FACTORS AFFECTING PULMONARY B.P. Capacity of pulmonary circulation: The ability of pulmonary circulation to change its capacity is very important in buffering excessive changes in P.B.P when excess blood is pumped to pulmonary vessels. The anginal pain may radiate to the left shoulder, left arm or forearm (=referred pain). These chemical factors produce regional variation in CBF. 1. Arthur Guyton's concepts of the determinative role of right heart filling in cardiac output continue to be controversial. The large distensibility of the pulmonary vessels renders the pulmonary peripheral resistance to be considerably low (about 1/6 that of the systemic circulation). Volume of blood lost. Cerebral Circulation: - The CNS Ischaemic response and cushingd reflex. The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries. These vessels dilate and their capacity without excessive without excessive in P.B.P. Download full-text PDF Read full-text Abstract . If the in P.B.P. ABP reflex of heart rate + reflex vasodilatation of arterioles ABP. Depolarization only by opening of slow Na-Ca channels. The opposite effects occur if the ABP falls. general functions components production & function of. Experimental hypertension is of great value in study in the possible causes of hypertension in man and the effect of drugs on hypertension. Bridging the Gap Between Data Science & Engineer: Building High-Performance T How to Master Difficult Conversations at Work Leaders Guide, Be A Great Product Leader (Amplify, Oct 2019), Trillion Dollar Coach Book (Bill Campbell). 2 scenario`s in cardiology:. Regulation of extra cellular - Atrial reflexes. In arterioscleroses The arterial elasticity is decreased systolic BP diastolic BP. cardiovascular physiology lectures. They start in less than one second. Changes in PR affect diastolic BP more than systolic BP PR depends mainly on 2 factors: Diameter of arterioles: - VC of arterioles PR ABP - VD of arterioles PR ABP Blood viscosity - Blood viscosity PR ABP - Blood viscosity PR ABP, Regulation of the diameter of the arterioles (=Nervous & chemical regulation) Nervous Regulation The diameter of arteriole is under the control of the vaso-motor center (VMC) present in the medulla oblongata and the VC sympathetic tone (from VMC) to the arterioles) The activity of the VMC is modified by impulses from the arterial baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, atrial receptors and other receptors e.g. CONTROL OF ABP Factors that determine and maintain ABP Cardiac output. Course Description: VTT103 Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology (3-4-5) External anatomy, skeletal, muscular, nervous, cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, renal and reproductive systems, sensory organs and gastrointestinal tract of the dog and cat. chest and abdomen) Also, haemorrhage may be: Small repeated haemorrhage (as in piles) or Big sudden haemorrhage. Reactions that maintain a normal blood volume: These include: a- Restoration of the plasma volume by (a) ADH (helps water retension in the body) (b) Secretion of aldosterone (by effect of angiotensin II) which increases Na+ and water retension in the body (c) Drinking water (as a result of the increased thirst sensation) (d) Inhibition of secretion of the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). Classification of computers (- Minicomputers) (Microcomputers), Irresistible content for immovable prospects, How To Build Amazing Products Through Customer Feedback. Dr. Abdulhalim Serafi, MB ChB,MSc,PhD,FESC Assistant Professor & Consultant Cardiologist Faculty of Medicine Umm Al-Qura University Makkah Al-Mukarramah Saudi Arabia. Thinking increases blood flow in the prefrontal association area. regulation of blood pressure. Cardiac neurogenic shock, tamponade or massive septic shock anaphylactic pulmonary embolism. You can read the details below. However, this renders this area more liable to ischemia and infarction. Part II CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY LECTURE X:HAEMORRHAGE, SHOCK & HEART FAILURE Outline: - Haemorrhage: : Effects of haemorrhage. The pulmonary vascular The blood pressure is 25 mm Hg systolic & 10 mm Hg diastolic in pulmonary arteries, 10 mm Hg in pulmonary capillaries & 6 mm Hg in pulmonary veins. Blood viscosity (V): This is determined mainly by the haematocrit value and to a lesser extent by the plasma proteins. Fainting (=loss of consciousness) and death may occur in severe haemorrhage due to brain ischaemia. 3. Arthur C. Guyton's writing style always kept the tone of a teacher talking. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. epinephrine nor epinephrine. It may be: External haemorrhage: in which the blood is shed outside the body or Internal haemorrhage: in which the blood passes from vascular system to tissue spaces or to the body cavities (e.g. student manual dr. guido e. santacana. The severe vasoconstriction elevates the ABP toward normal to improve the blood flow to the brain. Cardiovascular Physiology. injection of histamine (in experimental animals) generalized vasodilatation circulatory capacity ABP (=histamine shock). Autoregulation of the Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF) A sudden in the ABP transient increase in the cerebral BF.
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